Physics & Math
Spring Damping
Canonical Definition
The physical parameter that introduces frictional resistance to an oscillating spring, governing how quickly the animation dissipates energy and settles to rest.
Detailed Explanation & Context
Damping is the friction coefficient in second-order harmonic oscillator equations. Without damping, a spring would oscillate forever. The damping ratio (ζ, zeta) categorizes spring behavior: under-damped (ζ < 1) creates bouncy oscillation; critically damped (ζ = 1) settles in the minimum possible time without overshoot; over-damped (ζ > 1) moves sluggishly without bounce.
Mathematical Model / Governing Formula
ζ = c / (2 · √(m · k)) (Damping Ratio Formula)Key Takeaways
- Higher damping values suppress bouncy overshoot.
- Most modern UI springs are critically damped (ζ ≈ 0.7–1.0) for snappy, professional feel.
- Directly controls how quickly an interface settles after a user swipe.
Implementation Syntax (JAVASCRIPT)
// Damping configurations:
const snappy = { stiffness: 500, damping: 30 }; // No overshoot
const playful = { stiffness: 400, damping: 14 }; // Playful bounceRelated Glossary Terms
Pillar Guides & Tools
Apply Spring Damping in Your Application
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